Officials / Head referee

Alan Eck

Games worked
49
Seasons
2023–2025
Penalties / game
10.82
vs league mean
-0.94

Penalty rate by season

Accepted penalties per game, from play-by-play data. Seasons before 2020 have no play-by-play coverage in this database, so no rate is shown for them.

202517 gm
10.76
202416 gm
11.56
202316 gm
10.13

Recent games

SeasonWkMatchupScorePen
202519SF @ PHI23–198
202518NYJ @ BUF8–357
202517BAL @ GB41–2411
202516LAC @ DAL34–179
202515DET @ LA34–416
202514HOU @ KC20–1013
202513NO @ MIA17–219
202511NYJ @ NE14–279
202510ARI @ SEA22–448
20259JAX @ LV30–2916
20258SF @ HOU15–2612
20257IND @ LAC38–249
20255NYG @ NO14–2615
20254PHI @ TB31–2513
20253MIA @ BUF21–319
20252JAX @ CIN27–319
20251MIN @ CHI27–2420
202418BUF @ NE16–2313
202417BAL @ HOU31–28
202415PIT @ PHI13–2712
202414LV @ TB13–288
202413CHI @ DET20–2314
202412NE @ MIA15–3413
202411ATL @ DEN6–3810
20249JAX @ PHI23–2812
20248NO @ LAC8–2611
20247KC @ SF28–1810
20246PIT @ LV32–1311
20245CLE @ WAS13–3414
20244BUF @ BAL10–3512
20243DEN @ TB26–79
20242NYJ @ TEN24–1712
20241CAR @ NO10–4716
202318CLE @ CIN14–318
202317NE @ BUF21–276
202316IND @ ATL10–298
202315WAS @ LA20–288
202314CAR @ NO6–287
202312BAL @ LAC20–1010
202311NYJ @ BUF6–3213
202310TEN @ TB6–2012
20239NYG @ LV6–307
20238JAX @ PIT20–1012
20236NO @ HOU13–2010
20235DAL @ SF10–4212
20234DET @ GB34–2012
20233CHI @ KC10–419
20232LAC @ TEN24–2711
20231ARI @ WAS16–2017

Does the crew move the market?

We tested 27 referees across 3,024 games. Penalty-rate differences between crews are real and survive multiple-comparison correction (χ² = 45.1, p = 0.0014), but every market-facing angle — favorite win rate, home win rate, totals versus the closing line, and over rate — came back flat. Real heterogeneity, no exploitable edge. See the full referee-crew finding.

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